Who are being referred to with the use of "gods" in Psalm 82? The "gods" are actually the leaders of the people, called this because God has given them their authority. The overall theme of Psalm 82 is a call for judgment on those leaders who abuse the trust given them.
There is an interesting tie to the New Testament from this psalm. From the People's Bible: "Jesus refers to this psalm in John 10:34, when he is arguing with the leaders of the Jews because they were angry that he called himself the Son of God [read the account here]. Jesus' point in quoting Psalm 82 was this: If Scripture called God's earthly representatives 'gods' (and every word of Scripture is inspired by God), why should the Jews be upset if God's true Son from heaven, his greatest representative to the human race, called himself 'Son of God'?"
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